ROI Calculator

Inspectable records

Ledger state

The current ledger marks this instrument verified clean within the source-bound verification corpus.

Area

Finance, Economics & Business (educational only — never individualized investment, tax, or legal advice)

Tranche

tranche-4

Evidence ID

t4-140

Ledger rows

1

No ledger note is attached.

Review findings

The educational-only and not-investment-advice label is appropriate. Before release, rename or define "gain" explicitly as final_value, document that annualized ROI means CAGR, and enforce initial_cost>0, holding_period_years>0, and final_value>=0 for real-valued annualization.

Formula and scope findings

• The input list provides initial cost and final value, but the formula uses an undefined variable named "gain". The standard formula with these inputs is ROI=(final_value-initial_cost)/initial_cost. The supplied formula is correct only if "gain" actually means final value, which is nonstandard terminology; if gain means profit, the supplied formula is incorrect.
• The annualized formula is a valid compound annual growth rate (CAGR) formula for one initial outflow and one final value: (1+ROI)^(1/years)-1. It is not a general annualized return formula for investments with interim cash flows or contributions.
• The specification does not state the required domain constraints initial_cost>0 and years>0, nor that final_value must be nonnegative for a real-valued annualized result.

Unit assumptions

• Initial cost and final value must use the same currency and price basis; currency conversion is not performed.
• Holding period is measured in years. For a six-month period, years must be entered as 0.5, not 6.
• ROI and annualized ROI are computed internally as decimal rates and displayed as percentages by multiplying by 100.

Boundary hardening

BREAK_CLAIMED · SELF_FLAGGED

An initial cost of zero makes the ROI denominator vanish, producing an undefined result. The specification does not state an input-validation rule, so the calculator must explicitly reject this case rather than emit Infinity or NaN.

Errata and corrections

No applied erratum is attached to this unique-name record.

Inspectable example

4 review vectors are recorded. One source-bound sample is shown below.

{
  "inputs": {
    "initial_cost": 1000,
    "final_value": 1200,
    "holding_period_years": 2
  },
  "expected_outputs": {
    "roi_percent": 20,
    "annualized_roi_percent": 9.544511501
  },
  "working": "ROI=(1200-1000)/1000=200/1000=0.20=20%. Annualized ROI=(1+0.20)^(1/2)-1=1.20^0.5-1=1.095445115-1=0.095445115=9.544511501%."
}

Related workflows

No source-defined multi-instrument workflow membership is recorded.

Sources and evidence

These pointers bind the page to evidence. They do not grant authority or collapse verification into deployment.

• VERIFIED_LEDGER.json · VERIFIED_CLEAN
• evidence-tranche4/tranche4-results.json
• BOUNDARY_HAZARD_CATALOG.json